Asimov
Asimov's "laws" have no bearing to Rockman's "rules" of Robotics. Whilst they might be the same in terms of context, they're not in application. They only exists as guidelines for the creator to follow during the creation of a robot, they're not placed in the minds of robots as explicit laws that will be immediately punished when broken, rather, the robots are made to operate within their scope by giving them proper personalities, a proper conscience and knowledge of what is bad. No robot will suddenly stop working because they've broken any of these rules, what they're programmed to do is undergo the same feelings of guilt as a human would and generally avoid situation like these because they wholeheartedly believe they're "wrong."
What Dr. Right is simply saying is that he shouldn't make a homicidal, defiant and suicidal robot. But, as he says, he can't guarantee it much in X compared to all his previous work. Specifically because a certain advancement in X is an untested quantum leap in robotics.
“X” presents many problems inconceivable in existing robots. There is a danger he may worry over or question even the absolute requirement for robots, “Do not harm a human.”
The act of worrying in “X” marks a new epoch in robotics and is the first time this experiment has succeeded, but if it extends to matters that by their nature must not be questioned, it would be disastrous. In the worst case, if a robot were to harm humans deliberately, humankind would tremble with fear the like of which was unknown even in the days of the “Dr. Wily” incidents…
I conclude that “X” is an extremely dangerous being. If I am to send “X” out into the world, he must have a verification period of 30 years at the least. However, I do not have that long to live, and regrettably there is no one who understands all my research to carry it on for me.
Therefore I seal “X” here. If by some chance there is someone who discovers this capsule, as long as “X’s” thinking has not been fully analyzed, please leave him untouched. “X” is a robot laden with both unlimited possibility and unlimited danger…
Sep. 18 AD20XX
T. Right--------------
A repliroid which possesses a circuit of mental suffering,
in regards to a society where humans and repliroids coexist,
so as to be biased towards neither side,
it is fated always to worry continuously as to which side it should stand upon.
--------------
Like humans, the robot has to determine what is
right and what is wrong by itself. Robots are not supposed
to hurt humans. We need to research more on the A.I.
program.This isn't about Rock not having free will, or X having a greater range of emotions. It's all about bias. About humanity priding themselves in their human superiority as creators and robots by their nature unable to deny that. The robots of old are unable because they've been programmed by the humans to know about what is bad and they're programmed to listen to what they believe is the right thing.
X is different in that he constantly worries about all sides, he tries to be unbiased in all situations and he suffers because of that. Whether a crime is committed by human or repliroid, or against human and repliroid, it makes no difference to X. He weighs all equally regardless of bias such as that. Just because he's created by humans or because he himself is a robot does not give any side unjust bias in the situation at hand.
That's exactly where the issue lies.
X is a hero, the world's hope. But his ability to determine, right and wrong for himself is what could make humans fear him and robots such as him. The world of Dr. Right's time was not ready, so X was sealed away till the world was. 30 years of testing thrown in to attempt to tell the future that X was not a liability.
Blues, malfunction
Blues was the first robot with "independant thought and reasoning." Rock and the others are second, third, etc. Blues never was malfunctioning in his brain, just his power system. It's simply that Blues' personality is to be who he is, an independent person. His life experiences, activated prototype with a power malfunction, were what led to him running away.
With Rock and the others, displays of free will aren't about them being more than a robot. They're not unique or malfunctioning, they're just acting how they're designed to be.
In terms of guidance, they really don't need it. But like with humans, it helps to have friends stand by you when you can't figure out something yourself. For instance, it helps to avoid tunnel vision and can hasten decision making.
growth
It isn't that classic robots can't develop in terms of personality, it's just that they grow within certain boundaries. Those boundaries being their views of right and wrong. X simply has to deal with additional growth in terms of his views on right and wrong.
MM7
You're better of looking at Rockman7's script. Whilst robots can not harm a human, Rockman is not more than a robot. Rock hesitates to pull the trigger because he's overcome by deep thought and feelings of guilt.
Wily: Rockman, I'm sorry. I won't do it again, forgive me!
Rockman: You can't trick me again, Dr. Wily!
Wily: An attack? You attack me? *Me!* You're a robot; I'm a human!
Rockman: ……Not much different from what Dr. Vile threw Zero's way. If he had said the same to X, instead of Zero, it probably would have worked. Zero doesn't give it too much thought and tells Vile he is simply an enemy he needs to destroy, whereas X would ponder on it. Things like Rock's strong sense of justice imposed by his Conscience Circuit (Ryoushin Kairo) and X's intense worrying caused his circuit of mental suffering (Kunou Kairo) lead to hesitation. In that regard, X is no different from Rock. X will figure out his conclusion without falling into human bias, though.