There may be some small tweaks to PoR's subweapon system and OoE's glyphs, but they are really just the soul system in disguise.
Aria and Dawn of sorrow try so hard to be Symphony that they even use the same enemies, and mimic certain aspects. (ESPECIALLY Dawn)
You'd take that back if you played Harmony of Dissonance. Compared to that, the Sorrows feel almost original.
But if anything, Aria is closer to Symphony than Dawn. The areas and layout are more similar, and there's a bit of Two Castle Syndrome at the end, though not nearly at the scale that PoR and OoE have it. The Chaotic Realm is more like Stage 5' of Rondo, a hodgepodge. But Dawn never reused an area twice, and had some unique areas too. You start off in a snowy town and go to Hell at the end. I don't think any other game did that.